Surat Annour (verse 21- 34 )
Verse 21:
- “ya ayyuha Allatheena aamanu la tattabi3oo khutuwat Ashaytan…”: This aya is calling those who believe in Allah and His messenger, it’s telling them not to follow the footsteps of Shaytan (like listening to the story of al-ifk and then spreading it)..
- “wa man yattabi3 khutuwat Ashaytan…”: and whoever follows the footsteps of shaytan
- “fa innahu ya2muru bil fa7sha2i walmunkar…”: then he commands ugliness and evil deeds.
- “wa lawla fadlu Allahi 3alaykum wara7matuhu..”: and if it wasn’t for Allah’s grace and mercy…
- “ma zaka minkum min a7adin abada…”: not one of you would have ever been pure from sin…but by His mercy He facilitated the road to repentance…
- “wa lakinna Allaha yuzakee man yasha2..”: But Allah purifies whom He wills..meaning that Allah guides whomever He wills to repent and He accepts this repentance. So Allah purifies us by His generosity and mercy…
- “wallahu samee3un 3aleem”: and Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower.. meaning that He hears what we say and He knows our intentions, He knows who deserves to be guided and who deserves to be misguided.
Verse 22:
- “wala ya2tali ulul fadhli minkum wass3ah…”: and let not those amongst you who are blessed with wealth…
- “ an yu2too ulil qurba wal masakeena wal muhjireena fee sabeel Allah..”: swear not to give their relatives, the poor, and those who left their homes for Allah’s cause.
- “walya3foo walyasfa7oo…”: and let them forgive this sin and forget the bad that was committed towards them and return back to giving…
- “ala tu7iboona 2an yaghfira Allahu lakum…”: don’t you love for Allah to forgive you for forgiving the person who has wronged you…
- “wallahu ghafoorun ra7eem”: meaning that Allah is ever-forgiving, ever-merciful.
This Ayah was revealed concerning As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, when he swore that he would not help Mistah bin Uthathah after he said what he said about `A'ishah, as we have already seen in the Hadith. When Allah revealed the innocence of the Mother of the believers, `A'ishah, and the believers were happy and content with the outcome of this incident, and those believers who had talked about the matter repented, and the prescribed punishment had been carried out upon those on whom it was carried out, then Allah started to soften the heart of As-Siddiq towards his relative Mistah bin Uthathah. Mistah was the cousin of As-Siddiq, the son of his maternal aunt, and he was a poor man with no wealth except whatever Abu Bakr spent on him. He was one of those who had migrated for the sake of Allah. He had invented the lies and the slander, but then Allah accepted his repentance from that and the prescribed punishment was carried out on him. As-Siddiq was known for his generosity and he did favors to his relatives and strangers alike. When this Ayah was revealed: As-Siddiq said, "Of course, by Allah, we love -- O our Lord -- that You should forgive us.'' Then he resumed his spending on Mistah and said, "By Allah I will never stop spending on him.'' This was to counteract what he had said previously, "By Allah I will never spend on him.'' This proves that he deserved to be called As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him and his daughter.
Then Allah warned those who accuse pure chaste women of sin…
Verse 23: this aya is a warning and threat to the ones who accuse chaste women (especially the mothers of the believers)
- “inna allatheena yarmoonal mu7sanatil ghafilatil mu2minati…”: Verily, those who accuse chaste believing women...
- “lu3inoo fiddunya wal akhirah…”: They have been cursed out of Allah’s mercy in this life and in the hereafter…
- “wa lahum 3athabun 3atheem.”: and for them will be a great torment.
Verse 24:
- “yawma tashhudu 3alayhim 2alsinatuhum wa 2aydeehim wa 2arjuluhum bima kanu ya3maloon”: On the Day when their tongues, their hands, and their legs will bear witness against them as to what they used to do.
Verse 25:
- “yawma2ithin yuwafeehum Allahu deenahum Al-7aq”: On that Day Allah will pay them the recompense of their deeds in full
- “waya3lamoona anna Allaha huwal 7aqul mubeen”: and then they will know that Allah is the manifest truth. That His punishment and reckoning are real.
Verse 26:
- “alkhabeethatu lil khabeetheena walkhabeethoona lil khabeethat. Wattayibatu littayyibeena watayyiboona littayyibat…”: evil women are for evil men and evil men are for evil women. And righteous women are for righteous men, and righteous men are for righteous women.
- “2ula2ika mubarra2oona mimma yaqooloon”: such (good people) are innocent of (every) bad statement which is said about them.
- “lahum maghfiratun”: for them is forgiveness, they are forgiven because they were accused of lies (it’s a purification process for their hearts).
- “wa rizqun kareem”: and honored provision.) meaning, with Allah in the Gardens of Delight. This is also a promise for Aisha to be the Prophet’s wife in jannah.
Seeking Permission and the Etiquette of entering Houses…
Verse 27:
- “ya ayyuha latheena 2amanoo la tadkhulu buyootan ghayra buyootikum”: O you who believe! Enter not houses other than your own…
- “ 7atta tasta2nisoo wa tusallimoo 3ala ahliha”: until you have asked permission and greeted those in them
- “thalikum khayrun lakum”: that is better for you
- “la3allakum tathakkaroon”: in order that you may remember
One should seek permission three times, and if permission is given, (he may enter), otherwise he should go away.
Verse 28:
- “fa 2in lam tajidoo feeha a7adan…”: and so if you don’t find anyone at home.
- “fa la tadkhulooha 7atta yu2thana lakum…”: so be patient and do not enter until you have been given permission
- “wa in qeela lakum irji3u farji3u”: and if it is said to you go back, so then go back
- “huwa azka lakum”: that is better and purer for you
- “wallahu bima ta3maloona 3aleem”: and Allah has knowledge of what you do
That was regarding homes that are occupied.. how about homes that abandoned?...
Verse 29:
- “laysa 3alaykum juna7un…”: There is no sin on you
- “an tadkhuloo buyootan ghara maskoonnatin…”: that you enter houses uninhabited.. (so here you don’t have to ask permission)
- “feeha mata3un lakum…”: (when) you have any interest in them.. or need..
-like you want to stand in the shade, or shelter yourself from a storm, etc.
- “wallahu ya3lamu ma tubdoona wama taktumoon”: and Allah knows what you reveal and what you conceal. Meaning that if you enter this home to commit a sin then Allah knows it…
Verse 30:
- “wa qul lilmu2mineena yaghuddoo min absarihim..”: and tell the believing men to lower their gazes. Meaning not to look at anyone who is not a mahram…because one look can plant a seed of desire, lust and love in the heart…
- “wa ya7fathoo furoojahum…”: and protect their private parts. Since looking provokes the heart to evil, Allah commanded (the believers) to protect their private parts just as he commanded them to protect their gaze which can lead to that
- “thalika azka lahum”: That is purer for them. means, it is purer for their hearts and better for their commitment to religion, as it was said: Whoever protects his gaze, Allah will illuminate his understanding, or his heart.
- “inna Allaha khabeerun bima yasna3oon”: Verily, Allah is All-Aware of what they do
Verse 31: The command of Hijab
-“wa qul lil mu2minati yaghdudna min absarihinna wa ya7fathna furoojahunna…”: and tell the believing women to lower their gaze, and protect their private parts (from being seen and from committing sin)
meaning, from that which Allah has forbidden them to look at, apart from their husbands. [Some] scholars said that it is permissible for women to look at non-Mahram men without desire, as it was recorded in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah was watching the Ethiopians playing with spears in the Masjid on the day of `Id, and `A'ishah the Mother of the believers was watching them from behind him and he was concealing her from them, until she got bored and went away.
And the women have an added special command…
- "wala yubdeena zeenatahunna illa ma thahara minha…”: and not to show off their adornment except that which is apparent.. meaning the face and hands which are apparent.
- “wal yadribna bi khumurihinna 3ala juyoobihin…”: and to draw their veils that they use to cover their heads all over their chests
- “wa la yubdeena zeenatahunna illa libu3oolatihinna..”: and let them not show their adormnets except to their husbands
- “aw aba2ihinna a2 aba2i bu3oolatihin…”: or to their fathers or the fathers of their husbands…
- “aw abna2ihin aw abna2i bu3oolatihin, aw ikhwanihin, aw bani ikhwanihin aw bani akhawatihin”: or their sons, or the sons of their husbands, or their brothers, or the sons of their brothers, or the sons of their sisters.
-These are all people that a woman cannot marry..(mahram) but a woman should still not make a display out of herself infront of them..
- “aw nisa2ihin..”: meaning the Muslim women.
-Because non-Muslim women cannot be trusted.. as Muslim women have been forbidden from describing each other to men..
HADITH: (No woman should describe another woman to her husband so that it is as if he is looking at her.)
- “aw ma malakat aymanuhunna..”: or their slave girls, even if they are not Muslim. (slave girls do not exist now)
- “awittabi3eena ghayri 2ulil irbati mina rijali…”: men who have no desires.. mentally challenged.. etc.
- “awitifli allatheena lam yathharoo 3ala 3awratinnisa2…”: or children who are not aware of the nakedness of women.
- “wala yadribna bi arjulihinna liyu3lama ma yukhfeena min zeenatihin…”: And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what they hide of their adornment
- “wa tooboo ila Allahi jamee3an ayyuhal mu2minoona la3allakum tufli7oon”: And all of you beg Allah to forgive you all, O believers, that you may be successful.
Verse 32: The command to marry
- “wanki7ul ayama minkum…: And marry those among you who are single..meaning help them get married
- “wassali7eena min 3ibadikum wa 2ima2ikum…”: and the pious of your servants and maidservants
- “in yakoonoo fuqara2a yughnihimu Allahu min fadhlih..”: If they are poor, Allah will enrich them out of His bounty.
- “wallahu wasi3un 3aleem”: And Allah is All-Sufficent, All-Knowing. This is a promise for the ones who marry to stay chaste and to please Allah that He will make them happy and He will provide for them
Verse 33: The command to keep chaste if one cannot marry
- “wal yasta3fif allatheena la yajidoona nika7an…”: And let those who can’t find the financial means for marriage keep themselves chaste
- “7atta yughniyahum Allahu min fadhlih..”: until Allah enriches them of His bounty
- “wallatheena yabtaghoonal kitaba mimma malakat aymanukum..”: And such of your servants as seek a writing (of emancipation)
- “fa katiboohum in 3alimtum feehim khayra..”: give them such writing, if you find that there is good and honesty in them
- “wa aatoohum min mali Allahi allathee atakum..”: And give them something (yourselves) out of the wealth of Allah which He has bestowed upon you
- “wala tukrihoo fatayatikum 3alal bigha2i”: And force not your slave-girls to prostitution
- “in aradna ta7asunnan..”: if they desire chastity
- “li tabtaghoo 3aradal 7ayati dunya..”: in order that you may make a gain in the goods of this worldly life.
- “wa man yukrihunna fa inna Allaha min ba3di ikrahihinna ghafoorun ra7eem”: But if anyone compels them, then after such compulsion, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
---Prostitution is a major sin and forcing someone to commit it is another sin. However, if one is forced into committing prostitution then Allah (swt) is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful to those who are being forced.
Verse 34:
- “walaqad anzalna ilaykum ayatin mubayyinat…”: And indeed We have sent down for you Ayat that make things clear
- “wa mathalan minallatheena khalaw min qablikum…”: and the example of those who passed away before you
- “wa maw3ithatan lil muttaqeen”: and an admonition for those who have Taqwa.
Monday, June 11, 2007
Friday, June 1, 2007
May 31st: Surat An-Nour (part 1)
Assalamu alaikum warahmatullah,
This week we started the tafseer of surat An-Nour. Here's a quick summary of what was covered:
About the Surah:
1- It’s a Medinan Surah
2- Contains a lot of guidelines for Muslims and everyone should learn it.
3- Discusses social manners such us lowering our gaze, how we should seek permission before entering someone’s house or room, chastity, etc.
4- It also mentions some of the punishments required by sacred law for some sins, such as adultery.
The name:
-It’s called surat An-nour because of all the guidelines that it has, they light up our path in this life and make it easier.
-It’s also called An-nour because of the aya that says “Allahu Nourus-samawati wal-ardh”.
Reasons for revelation:
1- It was narrated that a woman called “Um Mahzoul” used to be an adulteress, and a man amongst the Muslims wanted to marry her. He approached the Prophet (s) and told him, then Allah (swt) revealed the verse “the adulteress shall only marry an adulterer or an idolater.” Verse #3
2- One of the companions “Helal bin Umayyah” came to the Prophet and accused his wife of committing adultery. The Prophet (s) told him, you either bring proof or you will be punished for what you say, the man said: Oh Prophet of Allah, what if one of us saw his wife with another man and has no other proof? By Allah, I am speaking the truth, and Allah will reveal what will save me from punishment. So then the verse was revealed: “And those who accuse honorable women but bring not four witnesses…”
3- Al-Ifk: The crime that took place at the time of the Prophet (alayhi assalatu wassalam), when some people accused his chaste and pure wife Aisha of adultery. Allah (swt) revealed verses 11-20 to prove her innocence.
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Note: In the transliteration of the verses, I used the number 7 to refer to the letter "haa" in Arabic, as in the word "hubb" meaning love. And I used the number 3 to refer to the letter "ain" in Arabic as in the word "Arabi". And I used the number 2 to refer to the letter hamza in Arabic as in the word "Iqra2" meaning read.
Verse 1:
-“Suratun anzalnaha”
This is a great surah that we have revealed onto you oh Muhammad (s)
- “wa faradnaha”: We made what’s in it of guidelines an obligation
- “wa anzalna feeha ayatin bayyinat”: we have revealed in it clear and important guidelines.
- “laalakum tathakkaroon”: That you may take heed. And now Allah (swt) starts telling us those guidelines…
Verse2:
-“azzaniyatu wazzani fajlidoo kulla wa7idin munhama mi2ata jaldah”: The adulterers (both man and woman, who are not married) should be whipped 100 times as a punishment for them from this ugly crime/sin.
-“ wa la ta2khuthkum bihima ra2fatun fee deen Allah”: and don’t let your pity for them withhold you from the command of Allah, so don’t whip them lightly because of the mercy in your hearts, or whip them a less number than Allah wants.
-“in kuntum tu2minoona billahi wal yawm al-Akher”: This is if you believe in Allah and in the last day. This is said to encourage the people to do this because of their faith. Don’t pity adulterers because their crime is a lot greater than the mercy you feel.
-“wal yashhad 3athabahuma ta2ifatun min almu2mineen”: meaning, and let a group of the believers attend and witness this punishment while it’s going on. This is so the people who are punished will be even more ashamed of what they did and it will help them not go back to it again.
Verse3:
-“Azzani la yanki7u illa zaniyatan aw mushrikah”: The adulterer will not marry except an adulteress or an idolatress. Meaning that it doesn’t suit an adulterer to marry a chaste woman, he only deserves to marry the one who is like him or even worse than him. Either an adulteress or an idol worshiper.
-“wassaniyatu la yanki7uha illa zanin aw mushrik”: meaning that it doesn’t suit the adulteress to marry a chaste believer, but she should marry the one who is like her or even worse than her (the idol worshiper).
-“wa 7urrima thalika 3alal-mu2mineen”: and adultery has been forbidden for the believers, and the aya could also be addressing that it’s haram for a believer to marry an adulterer.
Now we move on to the next guidelines…
Verse 4:
-“wallatheena yarmoon al-mu7sanat”: Meaning the ones who accuse their wives or chaste women of adultery.
-Notice the use of the word “yarmoon” whish usually refers to throwing stones… here Allah uses this word because this is what this act is similar to.
-Also notice that the word “mu7sanat” refers to someone who is chaste. So the verses are not talking about someone who is openly doing everything that’s bad. Because there’s no punishment for someone who accuses such a person…
-“thumma lam ya2too bi arba3ati shuhada2”: and then they didn’t bring along 4 other witnesses to testify to seeing the same thing.
-“fajlidoohum thamaneena jaldah”: so whip each one who claims this 80 lashes, because they have accused the innocent and spread rumors.
-“wa la taqbaloo lahum shahadatan abada”: and don’t ever accept their testimony. This is to increase their punishment, so not only are they punished physically but they are also humiliated in the community. This is as long as they are insisting on their lie and they are not backing off.
-“wa 2ula2ika hum al-fasiqoon”: and indeed those are the evil-doers. This is because they have committed a huge sin. So not only is this person whipped, but they are also never to testify and they are considered a fasiq. A fasiq is someone who has gone outside of obedience to Allah.
Verse 5:
-“illa allatheena taboo min ba3d thalika”: Except for those who repent and regretted what they have done.
-“wa asla7u”: and they have corrected their wrong by not committing the same sin again.
-“fa inna Allaha ghafoorun ra7eem”: and so here Allah is telling us to accept their repentance, and to allow them to testify and to trust them again, because Allah has forgiven the one who repents. However, the physical punishment must still be carried out.
Next guideline:
Verse 6:
-“wallatheena yarmoona azwajahum”: and the ones who accuse their wives of committing adultery…
-“wa lam yakun lahum shuhada2 illa anfusuhum…”: and they have no witnesses besides themselves.
-“fashahadatu a7adihim arba3u shahadat billah”: his testimony will take the place of 4 witnesses.
-“innahu lamin assadiqeen”: He will actually testify 4 times and restate that he is telling the truth.
Verse 7:
- “wal khamisatu anna la3nata Allahi 3alayhi in kana minal kathibeen”: And in the fifth testimony he will say: may Allah curse me if I am lying.
Verse 8:
-“wa yadra2u 3anhal-3athaba”: and the punishment for this accusation is lifted from the wife if…
-“an tashhada arba3a shahadatin billahi innahu laminal-kathibeen”: she swears or testifies 4 times that her husband is lying in what he says.
Verse 9:
-“ wal khamisata anna ghadaba Allahi 3alayha in kana minas-sadiqeen”: she will testify a fifth time saying: May Allah’s wrath be upon me if he is telling the truth.
Verse 10:
-“wa lawla fadhlu Allahi 3alaykum wa ra7matihi”: meaning and if it wasn’t for Allah’s mercy your situation would have not been concealed. Meaning that Allah knows the truth, and if one lies then they will not be punished in this life but they will be punished in the hereafter.
-“ wa anna Allaha tawwabun 7akeem”: this is an exaggeration of Allah’s acceptance for repentance.. meaning that He accepts it even in this bad situation. And Allah is Hakeem, He is wise and He is giving us this wisdom through those guidelines.
If these guidelines weren’t revealed, then in such a situation, the husband who doesn’t have witnesses would be punished for this accusation. Even though it would seem that he is truthful because he is disgracing himself by making this accusation. And if the husband’s testimony was enough then the woman would be punished for adultery and not have a chance to defend herself. Yet Allah (swt) here gives both husband and wife the chance to prove what they are saying...
The next verses talk about “Al-Ifk”:
Verse 11:
-“inna allatheena ja2oo bil ifki”: the ones who have brought about the “ifk”…the “ifk” is the worst lie, or the worst accusation. And it is the accusation of our mother Aisha may Allah be pleased with her.
-“3usbatun minkum”: meaning that they are a group from amongst you oh Muslims. And the head of the them was the biggest hypocrite at the time “Ibn Salool”
- “La ta7sabuhu sharran lakum”: this part of the aya is addressing the household of sayyidna Abu Bakr, it’s telling them, don’t think that this is a bad thing.
-“bal huwa khayrun lakum”: indeed it is something good for you. Because this matter was so important that sayidna Gibreel was sent especially by Allah to reveal those verses that will prove our mother’s innocence.
-“lukil imri2in minhum ma iktasaba minal-ithm”: to each one in the group of liars a punishment for their sin for as much as they participated in it.
-“wallathee tawalla kibrahu minhum”: and the one who started this accusation and helped spread this rumor “Ibn Salool”
-“lahu 3athabun 3atheem”: will have a great punishment in hellfire on the day of judgment.
Verse 12:
-“lawla ith sami3tumoohu”: when you heard this “oh believers” when you heard these lies about your mother…
-“thannal-mu2minoona wal mu2minati ba anfusihim khayran”: if only you assumed good and did not believe the rumor and pass it on. Because a Muslim shouldn’t believe anything bad about his brother/sister. Here Allah (swt) is scolding the Muslims for taking part in this ugly crime. It’s telling them to put themselves in our mother’s place… wouldn’t they assume good about themselves and refute the lies? And if they think that they are pure and they refute lies from themselves, wouldn’t our mother who is more pure be more eligible for this?
One of the companions “Um ayoub” told her husband” did you hear what people are saying about Aisha?. He said: yes and it’s all lies, would you do that Umm Ayoub?, and she said: No!, by Allah I wouldn’t!. So he said: And Aisha is better than you.
- “wa qalu hatha ifkun mubeen”: this is telling the believers that they should have said that this is a clear lie.. as soon as they heard it.
Verse 13:
- “lawla ja2u 3alayhi bi 2arba3ati shuhada2”: if only the accusers had brought 4 witnesses for what they say…
-“fa ith lam ya2tu bishuhada2”: and if they couldn’t even bring witnesses
- “fa 2ula2ika 3inda Allahi hum al-kathiboon”: so those are the liars, the corruptors… in this aya there is a scolding for whoever heard of the ifk and didn’t refute it as soon as they heard it.
Verse 14:
- “wa lawla fadhlu Allahi 3alaykum wa ra7matihi fiddunya wal akhirah”: and if it wasn’t for Allah’s abundant generosity over you in this life and the next life.
- “lamassakum feema afadhttum feehi 3athabun 3atheem”: you would have gained a great punishment because of your participation in spreading the rumors of ifk.
Yet through Allah’s mercy He has concealed you in this life and forgiven those who repented in the next life.
Verse 15:
- “Ith talaqawnahu bi alsinatikum”: you ask about it with your tongues and then you say so and so told me so and so…
- “wa taqooloona bi afwahikum ma laysa lakum bihi 3ilm”: and you say what has no truth in reality, in fact it’s purely a lie.
- “wa ta7saboonahu hayina”: and you think that it’s a small thing, no big deal...
- “wa huwa 3inda Allahi 3atheem”: and the truth is that to Allah it’s one of the worst and greatest crimes. This is not only because it’s about our mother Aisha, but in general it’s a great sin because you are ruining your Muslim brother/sister’s reputation.
So if we look back, Allah is scolding the people about three things in this aya:
1) asking about it
2)Talking about it
3) thinking it a small matter
Verse 16:
- “wa lawla ith sami3tumoohu qultum ma yakoona lana an natakallama bihatha”: here Allah is blaming all the believers, He’s telling them…that you should have denied it as soon as you heard it and say: we shouldn’t allow our mouths to talk about something like this or repeat it to anyone…
- “Sub7anak hatha buhtanun 3atheem”: …sub7an Allah, how can this be said about our pure and innocent mother, the wife of the Prophet (s) this is a clear crime and lie.
-We’re supposed to say “subhanAllah” when we see something out of the ordinary that surprises us or shocks us.. and this is one of those situations.. how could anyone say this about our mother, subhanAllah! What a shock, of course it’s a lie!
Verse 17:
- “ya3ithukum Allah an ta3oodoo limithlihi abada”: Allah reminds you and advises you not to ever do something like this again.
- “in kuntum mu2mineen”: if you were truly believers. Because true iman will keep one away from sin.
Verse 18:
- “wa yubayinu Allah lakum Al-ayat”: Allah is making those guidelines clear for you.
- “wallahu 3aleemun 7akeem”: Allah is All-Knowledgeable, All-Wise and knows what will help His creation to stay on the right path.
Verse 19:
- “Inna allatheena yu7iboona an tashee3a al-fa7ishata”: the ones who love to spread such rumors.
- “ fillatheena aamanu”: about the believers.
- “lahum 3athabun aleem fiddunya wal akhirah”: they have a painful punishment in this life by getting the penalty for it in this life (lashes), and a painful punishment in hell fire.
-This verse is addressing the hypocrites who started the rumor because they wanted to harm the Prophet (s).
- “wallahu ya3lamu wa antum la ta3lamoon": meaning that Allah knows people’s intentions, He knows the truth in their hearts and you don’t know.
Verse 20:
- “wa lawla fadhlu Allahi 3alaykum wara7matuhu wa anna Allaha ra2oofun ra7eem”: If it wasn’t for Allah’s mercy, He would have made them perish.
-Note here that the aya doesn’t tell us the answer to “lawla” because of how bad it is.. it’s so bad that it shouldn’t be mentioned.
wassalamu alaikum,
Dana
This week we started the tafseer of surat An-Nour. Here's a quick summary of what was covered:
About the Surah:
1- It’s a Medinan Surah
2- Contains a lot of guidelines for Muslims and everyone should learn it.
3- Discusses social manners such us lowering our gaze, how we should seek permission before entering someone’s house or room, chastity, etc.
4- It also mentions some of the punishments required by sacred law for some sins, such as adultery.
The name:
-It’s called surat An-nour because of all the guidelines that it has, they light up our path in this life and make it easier.
-It’s also called An-nour because of the aya that says “Allahu Nourus-samawati wal-ardh”.
Reasons for revelation:
1- It was narrated that a woman called “Um Mahzoul” used to be an adulteress, and a man amongst the Muslims wanted to marry her. He approached the Prophet (s) and told him, then Allah (swt) revealed the verse “the adulteress shall only marry an adulterer or an idolater.” Verse #3
2- One of the companions “Helal bin Umayyah” came to the Prophet and accused his wife of committing adultery. The Prophet (s) told him, you either bring proof or you will be punished for what you say, the man said: Oh Prophet of Allah, what if one of us saw his wife with another man and has no other proof? By Allah, I am speaking the truth, and Allah will reveal what will save me from punishment. So then the verse was revealed: “And those who accuse honorable women but bring not four witnesses…”
3- Al-Ifk: The crime that took place at the time of the Prophet (alayhi assalatu wassalam), when some people accused his chaste and pure wife Aisha of adultery. Allah (swt) revealed verses 11-20 to prove her innocence.
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Note: In the transliteration of the verses, I used the number 7 to refer to the letter "haa" in Arabic, as in the word "hubb" meaning love. And I used the number 3 to refer to the letter "ain" in Arabic as in the word "Arabi". And I used the number 2 to refer to the letter hamza in Arabic as in the word "Iqra2" meaning read.
Verse 1:
-“Suratun anzalnaha”
This is a great surah that we have revealed onto you oh Muhammad (s)
- “wa faradnaha”: We made what’s in it of guidelines an obligation
- “wa anzalna feeha ayatin bayyinat”: we have revealed in it clear and important guidelines.
- “laalakum tathakkaroon”: That you may take heed. And now Allah (swt) starts telling us those guidelines…
Verse2:
-“azzaniyatu wazzani fajlidoo kulla wa7idin munhama mi2ata jaldah”: The adulterers (both man and woman, who are not married) should be whipped 100 times as a punishment for them from this ugly crime/sin.
-“ wa la ta2khuthkum bihima ra2fatun fee deen Allah”: and don’t let your pity for them withhold you from the command of Allah, so don’t whip them lightly because of the mercy in your hearts, or whip them a less number than Allah wants.
-“in kuntum tu2minoona billahi wal yawm al-Akher”: This is if you believe in Allah and in the last day. This is said to encourage the people to do this because of their faith. Don’t pity adulterers because their crime is a lot greater than the mercy you feel.
-“wal yashhad 3athabahuma ta2ifatun min almu2mineen”: meaning, and let a group of the believers attend and witness this punishment while it’s going on. This is so the people who are punished will be even more ashamed of what they did and it will help them not go back to it again.
Verse3:
-“Azzani la yanki7u illa zaniyatan aw mushrikah”: The adulterer will not marry except an adulteress or an idolatress. Meaning that it doesn’t suit an adulterer to marry a chaste woman, he only deserves to marry the one who is like him or even worse than him. Either an adulteress or an idol worshiper.
-“wassaniyatu la yanki7uha illa zanin aw mushrik”: meaning that it doesn’t suit the adulteress to marry a chaste believer, but she should marry the one who is like her or even worse than her (the idol worshiper).
-“wa 7urrima thalika 3alal-mu2mineen”: and adultery has been forbidden for the believers, and the aya could also be addressing that it’s haram for a believer to marry an adulterer.
Now we move on to the next guidelines…
Verse 4:
-“wallatheena yarmoon al-mu7sanat”: Meaning the ones who accuse their wives or chaste women of adultery.
-Notice the use of the word “yarmoon” whish usually refers to throwing stones… here Allah uses this word because this is what this act is similar to.
-Also notice that the word “mu7sanat” refers to someone who is chaste. So the verses are not talking about someone who is openly doing everything that’s bad. Because there’s no punishment for someone who accuses such a person…
-“thumma lam ya2too bi arba3ati shuhada2”: and then they didn’t bring along 4 other witnesses to testify to seeing the same thing.
-“fajlidoohum thamaneena jaldah”: so whip each one who claims this 80 lashes, because they have accused the innocent and spread rumors.
-“wa la taqbaloo lahum shahadatan abada”: and don’t ever accept their testimony. This is to increase their punishment, so not only are they punished physically but they are also humiliated in the community. This is as long as they are insisting on their lie and they are not backing off.
-“wa 2ula2ika hum al-fasiqoon”: and indeed those are the evil-doers. This is because they have committed a huge sin. So not only is this person whipped, but they are also never to testify and they are considered a fasiq. A fasiq is someone who has gone outside of obedience to Allah.
Verse 5:
-“illa allatheena taboo min ba3d thalika”: Except for those who repent and regretted what they have done.
-“wa asla7u”: and they have corrected their wrong by not committing the same sin again.
-“fa inna Allaha ghafoorun ra7eem”: and so here Allah is telling us to accept their repentance, and to allow them to testify and to trust them again, because Allah has forgiven the one who repents. However, the physical punishment must still be carried out.
Next guideline:
Verse 6:
-“wallatheena yarmoona azwajahum”: and the ones who accuse their wives of committing adultery…
-“wa lam yakun lahum shuhada2 illa anfusuhum…”: and they have no witnesses besides themselves.
-“fashahadatu a7adihim arba3u shahadat billah”: his testimony will take the place of 4 witnesses.
-“innahu lamin assadiqeen”: He will actually testify 4 times and restate that he is telling the truth.
Verse 7:
- “wal khamisatu anna la3nata Allahi 3alayhi in kana minal kathibeen”: And in the fifth testimony he will say: may Allah curse me if I am lying.
Verse 8:
-“wa yadra2u 3anhal-3athaba”: and the punishment for this accusation is lifted from the wife if…
-“an tashhada arba3a shahadatin billahi innahu laminal-kathibeen”: she swears or testifies 4 times that her husband is lying in what he says.
Verse 9:
-“ wal khamisata anna ghadaba Allahi 3alayha in kana minas-sadiqeen”: she will testify a fifth time saying: May Allah’s wrath be upon me if he is telling the truth.
Verse 10:
-“wa lawla fadhlu Allahi 3alaykum wa ra7matihi”: meaning and if it wasn’t for Allah’s mercy your situation would have not been concealed. Meaning that Allah knows the truth, and if one lies then they will not be punished in this life but they will be punished in the hereafter.
-“ wa anna Allaha tawwabun 7akeem”: this is an exaggeration of Allah’s acceptance for repentance.. meaning that He accepts it even in this bad situation. And Allah is Hakeem, He is wise and He is giving us this wisdom through those guidelines.
If these guidelines weren’t revealed, then in such a situation, the husband who doesn’t have witnesses would be punished for this accusation. Even though it would seem that he is truthful because he is disgracing himself by making this accusation. And if the husband’s testimony was enough then the woman would be punished for adultery and not have a chance to defend herself. Yet Allah (swt) here gives both husband and wife the chance to prove what they are saying...
The next verses talk about “Al-Ifk”:
Verse 11:
-“inna allatheena ja2oo bil ifki”: the ones who have brought about the “ifk”…the “ifk” is the worst lie, or the worst accusation. And it is the accusation of our mother Aisha may Allah be pleased with her.
-“3usbatun minkum”: meaning that they are a group from amongst you oh Muslims. And the head of the them was the biggest hypocrite at the time “Ibn Salool”
- “La ta7sabuhu sharran lakum”: this part of the aya is addressing the household of sayyidna Abu Bakr, it’s telling them, don’t think that this is a bad thing.
-“bal huwa khayrun lakum”: indeed it is something good for you. Because this matter was so important that sayidna Gibreel was sent especially by Allah to reveal those verses that will prove our mother’s innocence.
-“lukil imri2in minhum ma iktasaba minal-ithm”: to each one in the group of liars a punishment for their sin for as much as they participated in it.
-“wallathee tawalla kibrahu minhum”: and the one who started this accusation and helped spread this rumor “Ibn Salool”
-“lahu 3athabun 3atheem”: will have a great punishment in hellfire on the day of judgment.
Verse 12:
-“lawla ith sami3tumoohu”: when you heard this “oh believers” when you heard these lies about your mother…
-“thannal-mu2minoona wal mu2minati ba anfusihim khayran”: if only you assumed good and did not believe the rumor and pass it on. Because a Muslim shouldn’t believe anything bad about his brother/sister. Here Allah (swt) is scolding the Muslims for taking part in this ugly crime. It’s telling them to put themselves in our mother’s place… wouldn’t they assume good about themselves and refute the lies? And if they think that they are pure and they refute lies from themselves, wouldn’t our mother who is more pure be more eligible for this?
One of the companions “Um ayoub” told her husband” did you hear what people are saying about Aisha?. He said: yes and it’s all lies, would you do that Umm Ayoub?, and she said: No!, by Allah I wouldn’t!. So he said: And Aisha is better than you.
- “wa qalu hatha ifkun mubeen”: this is telling the believers that they should have said that this is a clear lie.. as soon as they heard it.
Verse 13:
- “lawla ja2u 3alayhi bi 2arba3ati shuhada2”: if only the accusers had brought 4 witnesses for what they say…
-“fa ith lam ya2tu bishuhada2”: and if they couldn’t even bring witnesses
- “fa 2ula2ika 3inda Allahi hum al-kathiboon”: so those are the liars, the corruptors… in this aya there is a scolding for whoever heard of the ifk and didn’t refute it as soon as they heard it.
Verse 14:
- “wa lawla fadhlu Allahi 3alaykum wa ra7matihi fiddunya wal akhirah”: and if it wasn’t for Allah’s abundant generosity over you in this life and the next life.
- “lamassakum feema afadhttum feehi 3athabun 3atheem”: you would have gained a great punishment because of your participation in spreading the rumors of ifk.
Yet through Allah’s mercy He has concealed you in this life and forgiven those who repented in the next life.
Verse 15:
- “Ith talaqawnahu bi alsinatikum”: you ask about it with your tongues and then you say so and so told me so and so…
- “wa taqooloona bi afwahikum ma laysa lakum bihi 3ilm”: and you say what has no truth in reality, in fact it’s purely a lie.
- “wa ta7saboonahu hayina”: and you think that it’s a small thing, no big deal...
- “wa huwa 3inda Allahi 3atheem”: and the truth is that to Allah it’s one of the worst and greatest crimes. This is not only because it’s about our mother Aisha, but in general it’s a great sin because you are ruining your Muslim brother/sister’s reputation.
So if we look back, Allah is scolding the people about three things in this aya:
1) asking about it
2)Talking about it
3) thinking it a small matter
Verse 16:
- “wa lawla ith sami3tumoohu qultum ma yakoona lana an natakallama bihatha”: here Allah is blaming all the believers, He’s telling them…that you should have denied it as soon as you heard it and say: we shouldn’t allow our mouths to talk about something like this or repeat it to anyone…
- “Sub7anak hatha buhtanun 3atheem”: …sub7an Allah, how can this be said about our pure and innocent mother, the wife of the Prophet (s) this is a clear crime and lie.
-We’re supposed to say “subhanAllah” when we see something out of the ordinary that surprises us or shocks us.. and this is one of those situations.. how could anyone say this about our mother, subhanAllah! What a shock, of course it’s a lie!
Verse 17:
- “ya3ithukum Allah an ta3oodoo limithlihi abada”: Allah reminds you and advises you not to ever do something like this again.
- “in kuntum mu2mineen”: if you were truly believers. Because true iman will keep one away from sin.
Verse 18:
- “wa yubayinu Allah lakum Al-ayat”: Allah is making those guidelines clear for you.
- “wallahu 3aleemun 7akeem”: Allah is All-Knowledgeable, All-Wise and knows what will help His creation to stay on the right path.
Verse 19:
- “Inna allatheena yu7iboona an tashee3a al-fa7ishata”: the ones who love to spread such rumors.
- “ fillatheena aamanu”: about the believers.
- “lahum 3athabun aleem fiddunya wal akhirah”: they have a painful punishment in this life by getting the penalty for it in this life (lashes), and a painful punishment in hell fire.
-This verse is addressing the hypocrites who started the rumor because they wanted to harm the Prophet (s).
- “wallahu ya3lamu wa antum la ta3lamoon": meaning that Allah knows people’s intentions, He knows the truth in their hearts and you don’t know.
Verse 20:
- “wa lawla fadhlu Allahi 3alaykum wara7matuhu wa anna Allaha ra2oofun ra7eem”: If it wasn’t for Allah’s mercy, He would have made them perish.
-Note here that the aya doesn’t tell us the answer to “lawla” because of how bad it is.. it’s so bad that it shouldn’t be mentioned.
wassalamu alaikum,
Dana
Tuesday, May 29, 2007
May 24th: Sunnah Prayers
Assalamu alaikum warahmatullah,
In this week's halaqah we spoke about the confirmed sunnahs of prayer:
-2 before fajr
-4 before dhuhr, and 2 after dhuhr
-2 after maghrib
-2 after isha
We also spoke about the unconfirmed sunnahs of Prayer, such as:
-2 or 4 before Asr
-2 before Maghrib
-2 before Isha
We also spoke about the importance of praying
1) salat Adduha: This prayer is prayed after sunrise, it's prayed in pairs of 2 rakaas and one may pray a minimum of 2 rakaas and a maximum of 12.
2)Salat al-Istikhara: This is a prayer that is performed when one is about to make a decision in one's life, be it big or small. One would pray 2 rakaas and then recite the following dua:
“Oh Allah, I ask of You the good through Your knowledge and I ask You to grant me ability through Your power and beg Your favor of infinite bounty, for surely, You have power and I have none, You know all and I know nothing, and You are the knower of all that is hidden. O Allah if, in Your knowledge, this matter (mention the matter here) be good for my faith, my livelihood and the outcome of my affairs in the world and the Hereafter, then ordain it for me and facilitate it for me and grant me blessing in it. But, if in Your knowledge this matter (mention it here) is bad for my faith, my livelihood and the outcome of my affairs in the world and the Hereafter, then turn it away from me and turn me away from it, and ordain for me the good wherever it be, and cause me to be pleased with it”
3)Salat al-Hajah (The prayer of need): When one is in need of something one must first ask Allah. One is recommended to pray the prayer of need by praying 2 rakaas and then reciting the following dua:
“There is no god but Allah, the Most Forbearing and Generous. Exalted is Allah the Lord of the Great Thron. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds. I ask of You those things which will procure Your mercy, and Your immense forgiveness, a full share of virtuous deeds, and complete safety from iniquity. Do not let any sin of mine to be left unforgiven, nor any worry and pain unrelieved, nor any need which is a source of pleasure for You unfulfilled, O Most Merciful of the merciful.”
Finally we ended our halaqah by speaking about some sunnahs regarding sleep, such as:
-Making wudu before sleeping
-Sleeping on one's right side
-Reciting ayat al-Kursi as well as the dua of sleep, which is: “O Allah, I have surrendered my life to You and turned my face toward You and entrusted all my affairs to You and wholly placed my reliace in You. All this I do to gain Your mercy and due to fear of Your punishment. There is no protection from Your wrath except through Your mercy. I believe in the Book You have revealed and in the Prophet You have sent.”
-Staying awake after fajr
-waking up in the middle of the night to pray Qiyam ul-layl
wassalamu alaikum,
Dana
In this week's halaqah we spoke about the confirmed sunnahs of prayer:
-2 before fajr
-4 before dhuhr, and 2 after dhuhr
-2 after maghrib
-2 after isha
We also spoke about the unconfirmed sunnahs of Prayer, such as:
-2 or 4 before Asr
-2 before Maghrib
-2 before Isha
We also spoke about the importance of praying
1) salat Adduha: This prayer is prayed after sunrise, it's prayed in pairs of 2 rakaas and one may pray a minimum of 2 rakaas and a maximum of 12.
2)Salat al-Istikhara: This is a prayer that is performed when one is about to make a decision in one's life, be it big or small. One would pray 2 rakaas and then recite the following dua:
“Oh Allah, I ask of You the good through Your knowledge and I ask You to grant me ability through Your power and beg Your favor of infinite bounty, for surely, You have power and I have none, You know all and I know nothing, and You are the knower of all that is hidden. O Allah if, in Your knowledge, this matter (mention the matter here) be good for my faith, my livelihood and the outcome of my affairs in the world and the Hereafter, then ordain it for me and facilitate it for me and grant me blessing in it. But, if in Your knowledge this matter (mention it here) is bad for my faith, my livelihood and the outcome of my affairs in the world and the Hereafter, then turn it away from me and turn me away from it, and ordain for me the good wherever it be, and cause me to be pleased with it”
3)Salat al-Hajah (The prayer of need): When one is in need of something one must first ask Allah. One is recommended to pray the prayer of need by praying 2 rakaas and then reciting the following dua:
“There is no god but Allah, the Most Forbearing and Generous. Exalted is Allah the Lord of the Great Thron. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds. I ask of You those things which will procure Your mercy, and Your immense forgiveness, a full share of virtuous deeds, and complete safety from iniquity. Do not let any sin of mine to be left unforgiven, nor any worry and pain unrelieved, nor any need which is a source of pleasure for You unfulfilled, O Most Merciful of the merciful.”
Finally we ended our halaqah by speaking about some sunnahs regarding sleep, such as:
-Making wudu before sleeping
-Sleeping on one's right side
-Reciting ayat al-Kursi as well as the dua of sleep, which is: “O Allah, I have surrendered my life to You and turned my face toward You and entrusted all my affairs to You and wholly placed my reliace in You. All this I do to gain Your mercy and due to fear of Your punishment. There is no protection from Your wrath except through Your mercy. I believe in the Book You have revealed and in the Prophet You have sent.”
-Staying awake after fajr
-waking up in the middle of the night to pray Qiyam ul-layl
wassalamu alaikum,
Dana
Friday, May 18, 2007
May 17th: Prayer (Part 2)
Presence of heart in prayer (khushoo'):
How do we attain presence of heart in our prayer?
1) Realize that presence of heart is not just during prayer but it’s in everything we do, doing lots of thikr helps us achieve this realization.
2) remove the love of the world from your heart
3) Avoiding the haram outwardly and inwardly.
4) Don’t “jump” into prayer: focus your heart on Allah before saying Allahu akbar.
How do we attain presence of heart in our prayer?
1) Realize that presence of heart is not just during prayer but it’s in everything we do, doing lots of thikr helps us achieve this realization.
2) remove the love of the world from your heart
3) Avoiding the haram outwardly and inwardly.
4) Don’t “jump” into prayer: focus your heart on Allah before saying Allahu akbar.
May 10th: Prayer (Part1)
Assalamu alaikum,
In this week's halaqah we spoke about the importance of prayer. Here are some hadiths that we mentioned:
Abu Hurayra said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'What do you think would happen if there was a river by someone's door in which he washed five times every day? Do you think that any dirt would remain on him?' They said, 'Not a scrap of dirt would remain on him.' He said, 'That is a metaphor of the five prayers by which Allah wipes out wrong actions.'" [Agreed upon]
Ibn Mas'ud reported that a man received a kiss from a woman and went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and told him about it. Allah sent down, "Establish the prayer at the two ends of the day and in the first part of the night. Good actions eradicate bad actions." (11:114) The man said, "Messenger of Allah, is this for me?" He said, "It is for every single one of my community." [Agreed upon]
Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The five prayers, and Jumu'a to Jumu'a is expiation for what is between them as long as a man has committed no major sins." [Muslim]
'Uthman ibn 'Affan said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "There is no Muslim man who attends a prescribed prayer and does wudu' for it well and is humble in it and in its bowing, without that being expiation for the sins before it as long as he did not commit any major sin. This will always apply." [Muslim]
wassalamu alaikum,
Dana
In this week's halaqah we spoke about the importance of prayer. Here are some hadiths that we mentioned:
Abu Hurayra said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'What do you think would happen if there was a river by someone's door in which he washed five times every day? Do you think that any dirt would remain on him?' They said, 'Not a scrap of dirt would remain on him.' He said, 'That is a metaphor of the five prayers by which Allah wipes out wrong actions.'" [Agreed upon]
Ibn Mas'ud reported that a man received a kiss from a woman and went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and told him about it. Allah sent down, "Establish the prayer at the two ends of the day and in the first part of the night. Good actions eradicate bad actions." (11:114) The man said, "Messenger of Allah, is this for me?" He said, "It is for every single one of my community." [Agreed upon]
Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The five prayers, and Jumu'a to Jumu'a is expiation for what is between them as long as a man has committed no major sins." [Muslim]
'Uthman ibn 'Affan said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "There is no Muslim man who attends a prescribed prayer and does wudu' for it well and is humble in it and in its bowing, without that being expiation for the sins before it as long as he did not commit any major sin. This will always apply." [Muslim]
wassalamu alaikum,
Dana
Friday, May 4, 2007
May 3rd: Patience
Assalamu alaikum warahmatullah,
for those of you who couldn't make it last night, here's a quick summary of what we spoke about:
-The optimal patience is the one descirbed in the Quran in surah Yusuf as a "beautiful patience". That is patience that is not coupled with complaints, annoyance, worry, or frustration.
-There are three kinds of patience:
1- Patience with afflications: this is the patience we have with illness, death, disaster, loss of money, etc. This kind of patience has no reward, yet it will erase your sins. (So while your good deeds aren't increasing, your bad deeds are being erased)
2-Patience with abstaining from sin: This is the patience needed to stay away from the haram and not fall into it. It's the patience you have when your friends are trying to convince you to go to that party, yet you stay firm and resist.
3-Patience with obedience: This is the best of all three kinds as it is the hardest and most rewarded. This is the patience you have while staying up at late hours of the night to pray to Allah, it's the patience you have when you fast on a long, hot summer day, etc.
Why is this the best kind of patience?
Because patience with affliction is nothing we have control over. The disaster/event happens without our control and all we have to do is be patience. When it comes to falling into sin, you'll find it easier to stay away from sin than to pray for example. Alot of Muslims never pray, but they don't drink for example.
Also, it's the best kind of patience because you are rewarded for your obedience. One sin is equal to one bad deed, yet one act of obedience is equal to 10 good deeds.
And lastly we talked about the conditions of patience, these are the conditions that make your patience rewarded:
1- To be patient at the first shock. So you're patient as soon as you hear the bad news...not after you react and show your anger/frustration, that's when the patience counts.
2-You have a "beautiful patience" that is not accompanied by any complaint.
I hope to see you all next week inshaAllah. Please let me know if you have any questions on Patience! :)
wassalamu alaikum,
Dana
for those of you who couldn't make it last night, here's a quick summary of what we spoke about:
-The optimal patience is the one descirbed in the Quran in surah Yusuf as a "beautiful patience". That is patience that is not coupled with complaints, annoyance, worry, or frustration.
-There are three kinds of patience:
1- Patience with afflications: this is the patience we have with illness, death, disaster, loss of money, etc. This kind of patience has no reward, yet it will erase your sins. (So while your good deeds aren't increasing, your bad deeds are being erased)
2-Patience with abstaining from sin: This is the patience needed to stay away from the haram and not fall into it. It's the patience you have when your friends are trying to convince you to go to that party, yet you stay firm and resist.
3-Patience with obedience: This is the best of all three kinds as it is the hardest and most rewarded. This is the patience you have while staying up at late hours of the night to pray to Allah, it's the patience you have when you fast on a long, hot summer day, etc.
Why is this the best kind of patience?
Because patience with affliction is nothing we have control over. The disaster/event happens without our control and all we have to do is be patience. When it comes to falling into sin, you'll find it easier to stay away from sin than to pray for example. Alot of Muslims never pray, but they don't drink for example.
Also, it's the best kind of patience because you are rewarded for your obedience. One sin is equal to one bad deed, yet one act of obedience is equal to 10 good deeds.
And lastly we talked about the conditions of patience, these are the conditions that make your patience rewarded:
1- To be patient at the first shock. So you're patient as soon as you hear the bad news...not after you react and show your anger/frustration, that's when the patience counts.
2-You have a "beautiful patience" that is not accompanied by any complaint.
I hope to see you all next week inshaAllah. Please let me know if you have any questions on Patience! :)
wassalamu alaikum,
Dana
Sunday, April 29, 2007
A parable
This is a very meaningful story, please read: http://www.masud.co.uk/ISLAM/nuh/parable.htm
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